Self-guided Sightseeing Tour #9 in Madrid, Spain

Concepción Arenal Ponte was a graduate in law, thinker, journalist, poet and Galician dramatic author within the literary Realism and pioneer in Spanish feminism. Born in Ferrol, Galicia, she excelled in literature and was the first woman to attend university in Spain. She was also a pioneer and founder of the feminist movement in Spain.

Wikipedia: Concepción Arenal (EN), Website

Juan Pablo Duarte y Díez was a Dominican military leader, writer, activist, and nationalist politician who was the foremost of the founding fathers of the Dominican Republic and bears the title of Father of the Nation. As one of the most celebrated figures in Dominican history, Duarte is considered a folk hero and revolutionary visionary in the modern Dominican Republic, who along with military generals Ramón Matías Mella and Francisco del Rosario Sánchez, organized and promoted La Trinitaria, a secret society that eventually led to the Dominican revolt and independence from Haitian rule in 1844 and the start of the Dominican War of Independence.

Wikipedia: Juan Pablo Duarte (EN), Website

Eugenio María de Hostos y de Bonilla, known as El Gran Ciudadano de las Américas, was a Puerto Rican educator, philosopher, intellectual, lawyer, sociologist, novelist, and Puerto Rican independence advocate.

Wikipedia: Eugenio María de Hostos (EN), Website

Francisco Javier Eugenio de Santa Cruz y Espejo[a] was a medical pioneer, writer and lawyer of criollo origin in colonial Ecuador. Although he was a notable scientist and writer, he stands out as a polemicist who inspired the separatist movement in Quito. He is regarded as one of the most important figures in colonial Ecuador. He was Quito's first journalist and hygienist.

Wikipedia: Eugenio Espejo (EN), Website

Juan María Montalvo Fiallos was an Ecuadorian essayist and novelist. His writing was strongly marked by anti-clericalism and opposition to presidents Gabriel García Moreno and Ignacio de Veintemilla. He was the publisher of the magazine El Cosmopolita. One of his best-known books is Las Catilinarias, published in 1880. His essays include Siete tratados (1882) and Geometría Moral. He also wrote a sequel to Don Quixote de la Mancha, called Capítulos que se le olvidaron a Cervantes. He was admired by writers, essayists, intellectuals such as Jorge Luis Borges and Miguel de Unamuno. He died in Paris in 1889. His body was embalmed and is exhibited in a mausoleum in his hometown of Ambato.

Wikipedia: Juan Montalvo (EN), Website

Don Miguel Gregorio Antonio Ignacio Hidalgo y Costilla Gallaga Mandarte y Villaseñor, more commonly known as Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla or Miguel Hidalgo, was a Catholic priest, leader of the Mexican War of Independence and recognized as the Father of the Nation.

Wikipedia: Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (EN)

María de la Encarnación Gertrudis Jacoba Aragoneses y de Urquijo was a Spanish author of children's literature who wrote under the pen name Elena Fortún. She became famous for Celia, lo que dice the first in the series of children's novels which were a collection of short stories first published in magazines in 1929. The series were both popular and successful during the time of their publications and are today considered classics of Spanish literature.

Wikipedia: Elena Fortún (EN)

Miguel Hernández Gilabert was a 20th-century Spanish-language poet and playwright associated with the Generation of '27 and the Generation of '36 movements. Born and raised in a family of low resources, he was self-taught in what refers to literature, and struggled against an unfavourable environment to build up his intellectual education, such as a father who physically abused him for spending time with books instead of working, and who took him out of school as soon as he finished his primary education. At school, he became a friend of Ramón Sijé, a well-educated boy who lent and recommended books to Hernández, and whose death would inspire his most famous poem, Elegy.

Wikipedia: Miguel Hernández (EN), Website

Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios Ponte y Blanco was a Venezuelan military and political leader who led what are currently the countries of Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Panama, and Bolivia to independence from the Spanish Empire. He is known colloquially as El Libertador, or the Liberator of America.

Wikipedia: Simón Bolívar (EN)

The Parque de la Bombilla is a landscaped area in Madrid, parallel to the Parque del Oeste. In the past, the space was used as municipal nurseries to grow the trees that were later included in the streets. The park is located between Avenida de Valladolid, the University City and the old Estación del Norte, the C7 and C10 commuter railway lines pass between both gardens. On June 13 of each year, part of the park becomes the main stage for the festivities of San Antonio, in addition to the Circus, in winter and the Summer Cinema.

Wikipedia: Parque de la Bombilla (Madrid) (ES)

Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence. He was a wealthy landowner of Basque-Spanish and Irish ancestry. Although he was the second Supreme Director of Chile (1817–1823), he is considered one of Chile's founding fathers, as he was the first holder of this title to head a fully independent Chilean state.

Wikipedia: Bernardo O'Higgins (EN), Website

Miguel Antonio Caro Tobar was a Colombian scholar, poet, journalist, philosopher, orator, philologist, lawyer, and politician.

Wikipedia: Miguel Antonio Caro (EN), Website

Andrés de Santa Cruz y Calahumana was a Bolivian general and politician who served as interim president of Peru in 1827, the interim president of Peru from 1836 to 1838 and the sixth president of Bolivia from 1829 to 1839. He also served as Supreme Protector of the short-lived Peru-Bolivian Confederation from 1836 to 1839, a political entity created mainly by his personal endeavors.

Wikipedia: Andrés de Santa Cruz (EN), Website

Federico Rubio y Galí was a Spanish physician, senator and politician.

Wikipedia: Federico Rubio y Galí (ES), Website

José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras, nicknamed "the Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru", was an Argentine general and the primary leader of the southern and central parts of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire who served as the Protector of Peru. Born in Yapeyú, Corrientes, in modern-day Argentina, he left the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata at the early age of seven to study in Málaga, Spain.

Wikipedia: José de San Martín (EN), Website

José Gervasio Artigas Arnal was a soldier and statesman who is regarded as a national hero in Uruguay and the father of Uruguayan nationhood.

Wikipedia: José Gervasio Artigas (EN), Website

Manuel Cassola y Fernández (1838–1890) was a Spanish general and politician. He served as Minister of War from 1887 to 1889.

Wikipedia: Manuel Cassola (EN), Website

Arco de la Victoria is a triumphal arch built in the Moncloa district of Madrid, Spain. The 49-m high arch was constructed at the behest of Francisco Franco to commemorate the victory of Francoist troops in the 1936 Battle of Ciudad Universitaria, part of the Spanish Civil War.

Wikipedia: Arco de la Victoria (EN)

A la Hispanidad or the Monument to Hispanidad is an instance of public art in Madrid, Spain. The sculptural group is an allegory of the "meeting" of two civilizations.

Wikipedia: Monument to Hispanidad (Madrid) (EN)

The Statue of Vasco Núñez de Balboa is an instance of public art in Madrid, Spain. Located in the Ciudad Universitaria, next to the Museum of the Americas, it consists of a bronze sculpture of Vasco Núñez de Balboa, best known for his exploration across the Isthmus of Panama and the discovery of the Pacific Ocean.

Wikipedia: Monument to Vasco Núñez de Balboa (Madrid) (EN)

José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was a Filipino nationalist, writer and polymath active at the end of the Spanish colonial period of the Philippines. He is considered a national hero of the Philippines. An ophthalmologist by profession, Rizal became a writer and a key member of the Filipino Propaganda Movement, which advocated political reforms for the colony under Spain.

Wikipedia: José Rizal (EN)

The Monument to Bravo Murillo is an instance of public art in Madrid, Spain. Dedicated to Juan Bravo Murillo, promoter of the Canal de Isabel II, it currently lies at the meeting of the calle de Bravo Murillo and the calle de José Abascal.

Wikipedia: Monument to Bravo Murillo (Madrid) (EN)

The Chamberí elevated tank is an installation that had the functionality of a water tank belonging to the Canal de Isabel II distribution network. It is located in the Madrid neighborhood of Chamberí, in an enclosure of the Canal adjacent to Calle de Santa Engracia. Inaugurated in 1912 as an elevated water tank, it is currently a photographic exhibition hall.

Wikipedia: Depósito elevado de Chamberí (ES)

The Santa Teresa convent is a barefoot Carmelitas convent in Madrid.

Wikipedia: Convento de Santa Teresa (Madrid) (ES)